01 June 2026
Carbon monoxide poisoning remains an important but often overlooked differential diagnosis in general practice, particularly during the cooler months when households rely more heavily on gas heating. As carbon monoxide is colourless, odourless, and non‑irritating, exposure can go unnoticed until symptoms become significant.
Carbon monoxide poisoning commonly presents with non‑specific symptoms that can easily be mistaken for viral illness, gastroenteritis, or general fatigue. Symptoms may include:
- Headache
- Nausea and vomiting
- Skin flushing
- Muscle pain
- Weakness
- Shortness of breath
- Dizziness
- Coordination difficulties
- Confusion
- Chest pain
For GPs, maintaining a high index of suspicion is crucial – particularly when multiple household members present with similar symptoms, symptoms worsen at home and improve when away, or when there is recent use of gas appliances.
Common household sources include:
- Gas heaters
- Cooking appliances
- Hot water services
Encouraging patients to have gas appliances serviced regularly and to be aware of carbon monoxide risks can support prevention and early detection.
